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How to Install Windows XP

9:03 PM Edit This 0 Comments »
Hi, This is a simple procedure for Installing Windows XP (Home or Professional Edition) even for those without much experience working with computers. This post is like assuming that you are installing Windows XP directly from a disc onto a clean, unpartitioned, unformatted hard drive, and that all computer components are installed and working correctly.

Minimum System requirements for installing Windows XP:
  • 300 Mhz Intel or AMD CPU
  • 128 Megabytes of system RAM (It can work with 64 Megabytes of RAM but its not recommended)
  • 1.5 Gigabytes of available drive space
  • Super VGA 800x600 Display Adapter
  • CD or DVD-ROM
  • Keyboard and mouse, or other pointing devices
  • Network Interface Adapter required for Internet and Network Connectivity
Ensure you have a Windows XP Product Key. It is printed on a sticker on your software
package. It is a string of 5 groups of characters (each 5 long), separated by dashes,
resulting in 25 characters in all. It looks like this: HHHCF-WCF9P-M3YCC-RXDXH-FC3C6

Before inserting the CD, you'll have to enter bios (in most
cases by presing DEL or F2 on system startup) and select your primary boot device CDrom. Insert the Windows XP
Installation Disc and start your computer. When prompted to "Press any key to boot from
CD," press a key on the keyboard.

Installation:
The installation program will check your hardware, install default-set drivers, and load
files necessary for installation. When arriving at the "Welcome
to Setup" screen, Press ENTER to begin the installation process.

You can press F6 if you need to install additional SCSI adapters or other mass-storage devices. If you do you will be asked to supply a floppy disk with the drivers and you CANNOT browse it (or a CD for that matter). Make sure you have one handy.
If you want, you can press F2 to run the ASR sequence. For that you need a good backup created by the Windows XP backup program, and the ASR floppy disk. If you plan to install a new copy of XP - don't do anything.
Setup will load all the needed files and drivers.Select To Setup Windows XP Professional Now. If you want, and if you have a previous installation of XP, you can try to fix it by pressing R. If not, just press ENTER.
Read and accept the licensing agreement and press F8 if you accept it.
Select or create the partition on which you will install Windows XP Professional. Depending upon your existing disk configuration choose one of the following:

If the hard disk is unpartitioned, you can create and size the partition on which you will install Windows XP Professional.


  • If the hard disk is already partitioned, but has enough unpartitioned disk space, you can create an additional partition in the unpartitioned space.
  • If the hard disk already has a partition that is large enough, you can install Windows XP Professional on that partition. If the partition has an existing operating system, you will overwrite that operating system if you accept the default installation path. However, files other than the operating system files, such as program files and data files, will not be overwritten.
  • If the hard disk has an existing partition, you can delete it to create more unpartitioned space for the new partition. Deleting an existing partition erases all data on that partition.

If you select a new partition during Setup, create and size only the partition on which you will install Windows XP Professional. After installation, use Disk Management to partition the remaining space on the hard disk.

Select a file system for the installation partition. After you create the partition on which you will install Windows XP Professional, you can use Setup to select the file system with which to format the partition. Windows XP Professional supports the NTFS file system in addition to the file allocation table (FAT) and FAT32 file systems. Windows Server 2003, Windows XP Professional, Windows 2000, and Windows NT are the only Microsoft operating systems that you can use to gain access to data on a local hard disk that is formatted with NTFS. If you plan to gain access to files that are on a local Windows XP Professional partition with the Microsoft Windows 95 or Windows 98 operating systems, you should format the partition with a FAT or FAT32 file system. We will use NTFS.

Setup will then begin copying necessary files from the installation point (CD, local I386 or network share).
The computer will restart in graphical mode, and the installation will continue.
The setup process reboots and loads a GUI mode phase.

It will then begin to load device drivers based upon what it finds on your computer. You don't need to do anything at this stage.

Click Customize to change regional settings, if necessary.It is not neccesary as mostly all the computers have same model.
Type your name and organization.
Type the product key.
Type the computer name and a password for the local Administrator account. The local Administrator account resides in the SAM of the computer, not in Active Directory. If you will be installing in a domain, you need either a pre-assigned computer name for which a domain account has been created, or the right to create a computer account within the domain.
Select the date, time, and time zone settings.

Next the setup process will finish copying files and configuring the setup. You do not need to do anything.

After the copying and configuring phase is finished, if XP finds that you have a badly configured screen resolution it will advise you to change it and ask you if you see the new settings right.
Setup will now install the networking components.Then windows setup appears in which select typical settings and select next, select next at workgroup and the installation will continue.
Setup finishes and boots Windows XP.
A Welcome screen is the first thing you see. The computer checks your Internet connectivity (required for the mandatory Activation and voluntary Registration processes).


You will be asked to register your copy of XP. You can decline if you want.

XP will ask you for the default username that will log onto this computer. You can enter as many as 5 users, but you can create more after the installation is finished.

That's it! you're done!
Knows your windows start and you can coustmize it as requried










    Best Anti-Virus Softwares of 2009

    5:28 PM Edit This 0 Comments »

    1. Norton Internet Security 2009

    Symantec's antivirus products have historically always provided excellent detection and removal of malware. On the downside, that protection came at the price of often crippling system performance. That's now a thing of the past. Performance overhauls are the hallmark of Norton Internet Security 2009, which features 'pulse updates' to deliver more frequent and thus smaller signature updates, whitelisting to streamline scan times, and a lighter, sleeker footprint that installs in mere minutes.

    2. Avira AntiVir PersonalEdition Premium

    AntiVir is a consistent leader in independent antivirus tests. Avira's AntiVir PersonalEdition Premium is a low-impact, easy to use virus scanner that also the ability to make an antivirus rescue CD for your system. Also includes WebGuard to protect against malicious or compromised websites. Five euros of each purchase is automatically donated to the Auerbach Foundation, a non-profit that supports various charity and community-related services. AntiVir PersonalEdition Premium should be used in conjunction with a firewall.

    3. McAfee VirusScan Plus

    McAfee VirusScan Plus is an ideal candidate for those seeking an antivirus/firewall combination without all the bloat of traditional Internet security suites. McAfee VirusScan Plus makes an easy job of removing adware and spyware, something not all antivirus products deliver. SiteAdvisor service is including, helping to guard against malicious websites.

    4. Kaspersky Anti-Virus Personal

    Kaspersky Anti-Virus Personal offers excellent antivirus protection, perhaps unsurpassed in its ability to unpack and scan compressed files - something that trips up a lot of other vendors. Should be used in conjunction with a firewall.

    5. Panda Antivirus Pro 2009

    Panda Antivirus Pro 2009 combines antivirus, antispyware, antiphishing and a firewall with its highly touted behavior-based TruPrevent Technology. License covers use on up to three computers and includes free tech support via email (telephone support options are also available).

    6. BitDefender Antivirus Plus

    Softwin's BitDefender Professional protects against viruses, spyware, and instant messaging threats, as well as offering firewall rules to block undesirable traffic and a privacy gateway to keep your identity and preferences private while surfing the Internet.

    7. Eset Nod32

    Nod32 features a small footprint, low performance hit, and fast scan speeds, providing focused virus protection ideal for gamers or those with an older PC. Should be used in conjunction with a firewall.

    8. AVG Anti-Malware

    AVG Anti-Malware combines traditional virus protection with adware and spyware scanning, in a low impact footprint ideal for resource-strained PCs or those who just want the best performance possible out of their computers. Free tech support is available via email and the standard license includes two years of protection. Should be used in conjunction with a firewall.

    9. Trend Micro AntiVirus with AntiSpyware 2009

    Trend Micro AntiVirus plus AntiSpyware is a full-featured and well-equipped program that is geared towards keeping your computer free of viruses and spyware. It is easy to configure for nearly any antivirus need. It causes significant computer slowdowns occasionally, but makes up for these issues with thorough scanning and frequent updates.

    10. ZoneAlarm Anti-virus 2009

    ZoneAlarm 2009 New engine delivers the best virus protection with significantly enhanced detection and removal capabilities. A configuration wizard leads you through setup, making it easy for everyday users to secure their systems fast.It has most advanced scanning process by which quick & easy scan is made possible.

    & there are many other AntiVirus like Avast Anti-Virus which provide your system better protection.You can also download most of them here

    10 Tips for Concentration and Memory

    6:19 AM Edit This 0 Comments »

    1. First realize and become aware of how important it is to develop the skill of concentration and memory.

    2. Do not always trust your memory. Write your ideas, goals and important information down on paper. Anything you need to get accomplished, create a To Do list.

    3. Use the formula…Think It, Ink It, Link It and Sink It.

    4. Create an affirmation to build memory and concentration. Many people say “I can never remember names” or “I have such a bad memory.” These will only reinforce your belief in having a bad memory. Instead, create a positive affirmation and say “I have an amazing memory and I remember names with ease.” Once you “act as if” you have great concentration and memory, you will have great concentration and memory.

    5. The use of your imagination is a key factor in remembering any names, places or things. When remembering, amplify whatever it is you want to remember. Make it bigger, bolder and louder so it impresses upon your memory.

    6. Clean up any clutter or messes in your life. Any unresolved business will turn your attention away from what it is you need to remember.

    7. Set goals for yourself. Once you set a goal, your mind will automatically accept it into the subconscious and recalling important information will become easier.

    8. Listen to others…Look Intent, Stop Talking, Embrace Naturally. This way, you will absorb what others are saying and it will be easier to recall.

    9. When remembering, take a deep breath in, exhale and relax. This will allow you to release any tension and resistance, thus enabling you to concentrate without trying.

    10. Read books and study how your memory works.

    Posts till Know

    9:17 PM Edit This 0 Comments »
    A Topic on Biotechnology, which helps u to know about what is Biotechnology














    Make Your PC Run Faster

    7:31 AM Edit This 0 Comments »

    Introduction

    If you find your PC is slower at handling everyday tasks it may be because over time, computers get cluttered with unnecessary files that need cleaning out. A slow PC can also be because your software or hardware is outdated, but there are certain steps you can take to improve performance.

    This guide shows you how to give your slow PC a speed boost and also to keep your computer free of clutter.

    Causes Of A Slow PC

    There are many possible causes of a slow PC. Because your computer is constantly working with files - moving, copying and deleting from place to place - it will eventually get cluttered with leftover files, some of which are not needed and just take up valuable disk space. You only have a certain amount of disk space available on your hard disk, and as it fills up the computer can begin to struggle to find room to perform its tasks.

    If your PC crashes or freezes up, it may be a symptom of a slow or cluttered PC.

    The brain of your computer is the Processor, and it may be that your processor is too slow to run today's demanding software. The processor can also struggle if you have multiple programs running at once - for example, if you have Word open to compose a letter while downloading a file from the Internet and also playing a song through your media player.

    RAM is the temporary memory the computer uses to do its calculations. If you do not have enough RAM, your programs will run slowly.

    Other components of your PC can contribute to poor performance, particularly your Graphics Card when it comes to running media and games software. Some hardware needs special programs called Drivers and these need to be kept up to date.

    You may also have programs running in the background using up memory that you are unaware of, and in some cases, the problem may be a malicious program such as a virus or spyware.

    Solutions

    The following is a list of tweaks and tips that can be used to help improve the performance of your PC.

    Maintenance

    Sometimes, slowdown is caused by physical problems with your PC and its hardware. One example is your PC becoming too hot. It may be that there is a build up of dust which is preventing the cooling fans from doing their job. Your PC should be positioned in a cool place and its air vents should not be blocked.

    Always turn off and unplug your PC before you clean it. A can of compressed air can be used to blow out the dust.

    Like any piece of equipment, hardware components can start to wear out over time and eventually they will need replacing, usually with a newer model. You should make sure after replacing or upgrading components such as RAM memory or Graphics cards, that they are firmly in place in their slots.

    Remove Unwanted Programs

    With frequent internet use, we are bound to download things of the internet. With so many free trials, shareware, freeware and demo software available to download, it is now far more easier to download a program, install it, use it once and then never look back at it again.

    Surely this is not healthy for your computer right? Right you are about that. So in step 2, we need to clear out all the programs that you have no longer use for. Anything that you have not used in 3 months, get rid of it.

    Fact: The hundreds of programs, whether it is an application or a game, will bloat your Windows Registry, which will make your Windows take longer to load. And some of these programs will load its utilities at startup and make your Windows startup longer. That is why the Hourglass of Death can never seem to go away. Not only that, but these programs will also take up space on your hard drive. So get rid of these "parasites" off your computer.

    To remove these unwanted programs, you can either use the program's own removing procedure or launch the     Add/Remove Programs application provided by Windows.

    To access the Add/Remove Programs application, click     Start, Control Panel and look for theAdd/Remove Program icon there.

    How To Make Your PC Faster



    Tip: It is easier to look for the Add/Remove Programs icon, if you switch to Classic View on the left side of the Control Panel Window.

    How To Make Your PC Faster



    Once the Add/Remove Programs window opens, go through the list of software that you would like to remove. You could even see how frequent the program has been used. Just select any from the list and it will show you.

    How To Make Your PC Faster



    Just select the program you want to uninstall, and click the "Remove" button. Some file however, are shared across several programs, so if you get a message that ask you if you want to remove them, click the "No" button to be on the safe side.

    Disable Unnecessary Processes

    The Applications tab in Windows Task Manager only shows the main programs that are running. However, this is not everything: there are also various Processes that run too. Click on the Processes tab to see them.

    Many of the processes listed in Task Manager will be legitimate tools required for Windows and other programs to run properly. But you may also find some here that you don't need (and sometimes you may find a process belonging to a harmful virus or spyware program).

    The information given here shows you the name of the process and also how much processor (CPU) time it is using up as a percentage of the total available. You can also see the amount of memory the program consumes.

    You can right-click on any process and choose End process to stop it running temporarily, but it will most likely start up again when you restart your PC. You should be very careful when ending a process that you do not stop a process that is required by Windows.

    You can identify what a process is for by using the Web. Type the name of the process, such as "svchost.exe" into a search engine and see what people have to say about it. If they say it is not required it should be OK to stop it. They may also give instructions on how to remove it permanently so it does not reappear in future.

    There are many useful web sites for identifying processes, including:

    Remove Malicious Programs

    It is important that you use up-to-date security software to detect and remove malicious programs.

    Virus programs can slow down your PC and cause unwanted behaviour, even damage to your data and you can download some antivirus softwares here.


    Spyware tracks your movements on the Web for advertising purposes, but can affect your PC's performance as well. Use anti-spyware programs to remove it and you can also download it here.

    Clear Out Junk Files

    Much like anything else, your computer will perform better if it is clean. Over time, your computer will accumulate a lot of files, which most of it are files you don't even need. By clearing up these unwanted files, you computer's speed will improve quite a bit. This is because some of this file will eat up resources needed by your computer to run smoothly. So first thing you need to do is start clearing up your hard disk.

    Window's has it's own program to do this for you, called Disk Cleanup. This piece of software help you clear up and purge any of those files that you can do without that accumulates over time.

    The most common areas purged by the Disk Cleanup tool are:
    - Temporary operating system files
    - Temporary internet files
    - Temporary program files
    - Downloaded program files
    - Recycle bin files
    - And setup log files

    To access this tool, all you need to do is click Start, All Programs, Accessories, System Tools, and then Disk Cleanup.

    How To Make Your PC Faster



    If several drives are available, you might be prompted to specify which drive you want to clean up. Once you have picked one click OK.

    How To Make Your PC Faster



    Now, the Disk Cleanup tool will calculate how much disk space it is able to free up. Just wait until it is done. It is advisable not to run any other while doing this.

    How To Make Your PC Faster



    Once it is done, the Disk Cleanup tool will show you which files can be purge to make more room for your hard disk. If there are any files that you DO NOT want to delete, make sure the check box are clear.

    How To Make Your PC Faster



    Click OK to proceed. This can take some time to complete. Just leave the PC and make sure that there are no other programs running in the background.

    Alternatively, you can also get rid of any other files that you no longer have use for, such as documents, videos, images, music and so on. The goal here is to create as much hard disk space as you can by removing unwanted files.


    Clean The Registry

    The Registry is where Windows stores information about your programs. Over time, this too can get cluttered and may affect performance.

    You can use a Registry cleaning tool such as CCleaner to remove redundant program entries and the tool to tweak your system are available here to download.


    Defragmenting Your Hard Drive

    If your computer is like a car, then defragmenting is like the motor oil. You need to do this at least once a month, it is the one thing you should do every month.

    Here is how defragmenting works: Your computer saves files to areas of the hard drive known as clusters. Ideally, a single file will occupy adjacent clusters, enabling your programs to retrieve that file quickly with minimal drive movement. But as you create new files your computer saves them near old ones, and when you modify old ones the new information gets written to more distant clusters, and over time a single file can get fragmented, or scattered over several nonadjacent clusters. Multiply this by the number of modified files on your system, and pretty soon opening and saving files can get pretty slow. Add in fragmented system files that Windows or applications use automatically, and everything else can get pretty slow, too.

    So, defragmenting your files is pretty important, and that is what I always do to How To Make Your PC Faster. So to get these fragmented files in order again, you can use a defragmenting program by running the Disk Defragmenter provided by Windows.

    To do this, just click on the "Start" icon at the bottom left of the computer screen and then click on "All Programs", "Accessories", "System Tools", and select "Disk Defragmenter".

    How To Make Your PC Faster



    Tip: The defragmenting process can take from a few minutes to several hours, so I recommend you to allocate a time where you would not use your computer for this purpose. I usually let it run overnight. And make sure that there are no other programs running in the background, this could slow down the defragmenting process.

    If you have more than one hard drive, select the drive you want to defragment and click Defragment. If you have Windows 2000 or XP, don't bother clicking the Analyze button in the Disk Defragmenter dialog box; it may tell you that you do not need to defragment the drive, but if you have not done so within a month or more you should do it anyway.

    How To Make Your PC Faster



    In fact, defragmenting once a month should be your goal; this is just often enough to prevent excessive fragmentation before it manifests itself in poor performance, and it prevents the defragmenting process from taking too long. Even if you are fastidious about defragmenting once a month, you should set aside an hour or so for the job.

    Streamline The Windows Interface

    Windows XP (and the new Windows Vista) has a number of effects that make working with files and folders on your screen more pleasing to the eye, such as smooth animated menus and transparent windows.

    However, these use the processor too which means they can cause slowdown. Right-click the My Computer icon on the Desktop and click Properties. Click the Advanced tab and under Performance, click Settings and you can choose to switch off some of these effects.

    Tweak The Page File

    When Windows uses up all the available RAM memory in your computer, it turns to the hard disk for help and uses a Page File as extra space to work with. If the Paging File is too low, Windows can run slowly.

    Right-click the My Computer icon on the Desktop and clickProperties. Click the Advanced tab and under Performance, clickSettings then Advanced and you can Change the Virtual Memory settings.

    The System managed size option lets Windows determine the best settings for you, but you can choose to set your ownCustom Size if you wish. Type in the amount of disk space you want it to use.

    There are varying opinions on what is the best setting, but many recommend putting it at 1.5 times your RAM - so for example if you have 512MB of RAM, you would set both the Initial and Maximum size boxes at 768MB. Click the Set button to accept your changes and see if performance has improved.

    If you have plenty of RAM for your computer to use, then setting a large Page File is unnecessary and will just waste space on the hard disk. You should not disable the Page File completely though, as certain programs require it to run properly.

    Update Drivers And Windows

    In order to make your hardware work properly, Windows needs special programs called Drivers.

    It is also important to ensure your Windows system files are up to date. This can help fix problems and protect against security threats.

    Speed Up Games

    Games performance, especially for demanding 3D games, is very dependent on hardware, specifically the graphics card and also your processor and RAM memory. If you want to run the latest games at their highest quality settings, you will need to have powerful hardware.

    However, there are things you can do to help your current PC run games better. First, make sure you have the latest drivers for your graphics card by visiting www.nvidia.com for Nvidia GeForce cards or http://ati.amd.com for ATI cards.

    Most PC games include display options in their menu screens. You can often choose from a simple performance setting - for example: Low, Medium or High, or you can get more involved with advanced options. Some games let you tweak or switch off things like shadows and other special effects that can put a strain on your system.

    Often, it is a case of experimenting to get a good balance between visual quality and performance. A common setting to tweak is the resolution: choosing a higher resolution will mean clearer, more detailed screens but can cost performance. You can only go up to the highest resolution that your monitor can support.

    When playing games, you should make sure not to run other programs in the background, especially anti-virus software, as these can contribute to slowing down your game.

    Upgrade Hardware

    Upgrading hardware such as RAM or the graphics card is a common way for PC users to improve the speed of their machine.

    PCs bought from stores will often only have integrated graphics cards which are not powerful enough to run demanding applications such as the latest games. Many users later choose to replace these on-board cards with a better graphics card from the Nvidia GeForce or ATI Radeon ranges.

    Sometimes you will not be able to get the most out of your brand new hardware without replacing other components which support it too, such as the PSU (power supply unit). You will also need to make sure any new hardware is compatible with your current PC's specifications before you buy it.

    More advanced users can investigate the technique of "over-clocking" hardware to squeeze as much power and speed as possible from it, but this must be done with caution as it can cause physical damage to components.

    Windows Vista users can take advantage of a new feature called ReadyBoost which enables you to plug in a USB memory stick which the computer can use as additional RAM memory.

    The Windows Experience Index

    A new feature for Windows Vista is the Windows Experience Index, which is aimed at helping users understand how well Vista and the software running on it will perform on a specific PC.

    The PC is awarded a score based on its hardware configuration. When buying certain software, you will see a recommended Windows Experience Index score that a PC will need in order to run the program properly.

    More Information

    There are many sites on the Web with advice about improving performance and tweaking your PC. One of the best sites to check out, which has useful guides for tweaking your system settings and improving performance of specific games, can be found at www.tweakguides.com.

    There are also many programs available which claim to be able to boost your PC's speed, however it is worth doing some research first as sometimes these programs can actually have a detrimental effect.

    If you are looking at upgrading or buying new PC hardware, www.tomshardware.com has reviews and comparisons of PC components.

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